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📚 High School Classical Chinese Review Guide#

🎯 Goal: Master all core knowledge points of high school classical Chinese
👤 Audience: High school students, classical Chinese learners
📅 Last Updated: 2025 Latest Edition
✨ Created by: MiniMax Agent

🧭 Table of Contents#

📖 2025 College Entrance Exam Required Passages

🔤 Common Content Words and Meanings (150)

⚡ Common Function Words and Usage (18)

🔄 Complete List of Phonetic Loan Characters (266)

💬 Key Sentence Translations

🏗️ Summary of Special Sentence Patterns

🏛️ Ancient Cultural Knowledge

🎯 Answering Techniques and Strategies

📅 Study Plan Schedule`

📖 2025 College Entrance Exam Required Passages#

💡 Important Reminder: The 2025 college entrance exam recitation scope has been unified and reduced to 60 passages (down from 72)

📝 Classical Chinese Passages (20)#

🟢 Required Courses (10)#

No.	Passage	Author	Importance Index
1	Encouraging Learning (Excerpt)	Xunzi	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
2	On the Teacher	Han Yu	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
3	Zhuwu Zhi Retreats the Qin Army	Zuo Zhuan	⭐⭐⭐⭐
4	The Ji Family Will Attack Zhuanyu	The Analects	⭐⭐⭐
5	My King's Governance	Mencius	⭐⭐⭐⭐
6	Free Wandering (Excerpt)	Zhuangzi	⭐⭐⭐⭐
7	Li Sao (Excerpt)	Qu Yuan	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
8	Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng	Wang Bo	⭐⭐⭐⭐
9	Return! (Ci)	Tao Yuanming	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
10	Ode to the Red Cliff	Su Shi	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

🟡 Selective Required (10)#

No.	Passage	Author	Genre
1	Reply to Sima's Remonstrance	Wang Anshi	📜 Political Essay
2	Meng	The Book of Songs	🎵 Narrative Poem
3	The Difficulty of the Shu Road	Li Bai	🎭 Seven-Character Song
4	Dreaming of Tianmu, Singing Farewell	Li Bai	🌙 Wandering Immortal Poem
5	Yong Yu Le · Remembering the Past at Beigu Pavilion	Xin Qiji	📿 Heroic Ci
6	Nian Nu Jiao · Remembering the Past at Red Cliff	Su Shi	⚔️ Historical Ci
7	The Stone Moat Official	Du Fu	😢 Narrative Poem
8	Climbing High	Du Fu	🍂 Regulated Verse
9	Yu Mei Ren (When Will Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon End)	Li Yu	💔 Melancholy Ci
10	Sheng Sheng Man (Searching, Searching)	Li Qingzhao	🌧️ Graceful Ci

🎵 Poetry and Song Passages (40)#

🌸 Pre-Qin Poetry

🏮 Han, Wei, and Jin Poetry

🌙 Tang Dynasty Classics

⭐ Song Dynasty Masterpieces

🎭 Other Important Works

🔤 Common Content Words and Meanings#

🎯 Mastery Strategy: Focus on polysemy and be aware of differences between ancient and modern meanings

💎 Ultra-High-Frequency Content Words (Top 20)#

🅰️ Words Starting with A#

🔥 爱

📍 Part of Speech Classification

├── Noun: Favor, kindness

3 │ └── 💡 The legacy of the ancients' love 《Zuo Zhuan》

├── Verb

5 │ ├── To show favor to others: Wu Guang was kind to others 《Chen She Family》

6 │ ├── To love, to cherish: He loved his son and chose a teacher to teach him 《On the Teacher》

7 │ ├── To be stingy: Not sparing precious treasures 《On the Faults of Qin》

8 │ └── To pity: To pity the two-haired (old soldiers) 《Zuo Zhuan》

9 └── Adjective: Stingy

10 └── 💡 The people all think the king is stingy 《The Story of Qi Huan and Jin Wen》`

🔥 安

📍 Multiple Meanings Analysis

├── Adjective

3 │ ├── Comfortable: Living without seeking comfort 《The Analects》

4 │ ├── Stable: Wind and rain do not move, stable as a mountain 《Song of the Thatched Cottage》

5 │ ├── Safe: Xiezhuang then became safe 《Feng Wanzhen》

6 │ └── Peaceful: Not worrying about poverty but about instability 《The Ji Family Will Attack Zhuanyu》

7 ├── Verb

8 │ ├── To place: Ten li from the mountain, Wang Ping set up camp 《Loss of Jieting》

9 │ └── To make... peaceful: Since you have brought them, make them peaceful 《The Ji Family Will Attack Zhuanyu》

10 └── Pronoun: Where, how

11 └── 💡 How can a sparrow know the ambition of a swan! 《Chen She Family》`

🅱️ Words Starting with B#

🔥 被

📍 Complete Usage Guide

├── Noun: Quilt

3 │ └── One day, while sleeping in the tent, the quilt fell to the ground 《The Death of Yang Xiu》

4 ├── Verb

5 │ ├── To cover: Heavy snow crossed the mountain, covering several prefectures in southern Yue

6 │ ├── To suffer: The King of Qin struck Jing Ke again, who suffered eight wounds 《Jing Ke Assassinates the King of Qin》

7 │ └── To apply: To remove chaos and apply governance 《Xunzi》

8 ├── Preposition: Indicates passive voice

9 │ └── 💡 Trusted but doubted, loyal but slandered 《Biography of Qu Yuan》

10 └── Interchangeable with "披"

11 ├── To wear: The general wore armor and held weapons 《Chen She Family》

12 └── To dishevel: With disheveled hair, reciting poems by the marsh 《Biography of Qu Yuan》`

📚 Content Word Memory Cards#

💡 Memory Tip: Make vocabulary cards with the word on the front and meanings and example sentences on the back

Common Content Word Classification Table

Category	Content Words
🏃 Action	爱、安、被、倍、察、长、朝、从、达、得、度、发、负、过、恨、疾、见、解、就、去、使、适、涕、亡、望、谢、行、修、要、造、知、治
📍 Location	本、鄙、池、城、国、内、判、期、奇、穷、图、退、狱、左、右、坐
⏰ Time	既、即、间、临、末、迨、当、后、末、再、曾
💭 Thought	察、度、固、顾、患、或、善、识、孰、素、惟、悉、信、疑、易、意
👥 Interpersonal	类、怜、名、亲、请、劝、率、私、属、遗、贻、族

⚡ Common Function Words and Usage#

🔑 Core Point: The 18 function words are the "grammar code" of classical Chinese

🎯 Super-Important Function Words (Top 6)#

🌟 而#

📋 Usage Classification Table

Usage Type	Relationship	Translation	Typical Example
Conjunction	Coordinating	and	🌰 A crab has six legs and two claws
Conjunction	Progressive	moreover, and	🌰 The gentleman learns broadly and examines himself daily
Conjunction	Sequential	then, next	🌰 Therefore, I left you and traveled to the capital for food
Conjunction	Adversative	but, yet	🌰 Blue comes from indigo, but is bluer than indigo
Conjunction	Conditional	if, suppose	🌰 If a person has no trust, I don't know what they can do
Conjunction	Modifying	(not translated)	🌰 The old man at Hequ smiled and stopped him, saying
Pronoun	Second person	your	🌰 When your father returns, he will settle accounts with you!

🌟 其#

💡 Usage Analysis

🎭 Pronoun Usage

├── Third person: he/she/it/they

3 │ └── The minister followed his plan, and the king also pardoned the minister

4 ├── First person: I/we

5 │ └── The King of Qin feared that he would break the jade

6 └── Flexible first person: oneself

7 └── And he himself wrote his name

9 🎨 Adverb Usage

10 ├── Imperative mood: can, rather

11 │ └── What can you do about the earth and stones?

12 ├── Rhetorical mood: could it be, how

13 │ └── Is it not strange!

14 └── Estimative mood: I'm afraid, perhaps, probably

15 └── Perhaps it all comes from this?`

🌟 乃#

⚡ Quick Identification

Sentence Pattern	Meaning	Example
乃 + verb	then, so	🎯 Then entered to see
subject + 乃 + verb	but, unexpectedly	🎯 But the shallow person used an axe to strike
subject + 乃 + noun	is, is exactly	🎯 Ying is the gatekeeper of Yimen
乃 + noun	your	🎯 In family sacrifices, don't forget to tell your father

🔥 Function Word Memory Mnemonics#

📝 Mnemonic Memory Method

The word 而 connects relationships: coordinating, progressive, sequential, adversative, conditional, modifying

The word 何 asks questions: what, why, how

The word 乎 expresses doubt or exclamation; as a preposition, it means "in" or "at"

The word 乃 indicates succession or contrast; as a judgment, it is a second-person pronoun

The word 其 has three pronoun uses; as an adverb, distinguish the mood`

🔄 Complete List of Phonetic Loan Characters#

🎪 Memory Strategy: Classify and memorize by similarity in sound and form

🌈 Classification Table of Phonetic Loan Characters#

🔴 Homophones#

Loan Character	Original Character	Meaning	📖 Classic Example
说	悦	happy	🎈 Isn't it pleasant?
知	智	wise	🧠 Who says you are so wise?
亡	无	none	🌊 The old man at Hequ had no way to respond
有	又	again	➕ Forty and four
属	嘱	to entrust	🍷 Raised the wine cup to entrust the guest
莫	暮	evening	🌅 In late spring, the spring clothes are already made

🟡 Similar-Sounding Characters#

Loan Character	Original Character	Meaning	🎭 Typical Context
由	犹	like	🌸 It is also like looking at the past from the present
趣	趋	to go, to take	🏃 Although choices differ greatly
冯	凭	to ride	🌪️ Riding the void, controlling the wind
匪	非	not	💎 Not coming to trade silk

📊 Quick Reference Table of High-Frequency Loan Characters#

Arranged alphabetically

A-F	G-L	M-R	S-Z
案→按	估→贾	莫→暮	说→悦
傍→旁	共→供	内→纳	说→脱
被→披	函胡→含糊	女→汝	太→大
倍→背	惠→慧	欧→呕	汤→烫
辟→避	疾→嫉	泮→畔	田→畋
不→否	简→拣	畔→叛	帖→贴
采→彩	见→现	契→锲	惟→唯
仓→苍	决→诀	诎→屈	向→响
当→挡	具→俱	取→娶	要→邀
得→德	距→拒	阙→缺	以→已
队→坠	廪廪→懔懔	善→缮	益→溢
而→尔	录→碌	生→性	阴→荫
反→返	戮→勠	声→伸	与→欤
奉→捧	零丁→伶仃	识→志	豫→预

🎪 Loan Character Memory Game#

🎮 Game Memory Method: Pair loan characters and make memory cards

🃏 Pairing Game Example

👆 Front: 说 (yuè)

3 👇 Back: Interchangeable with "悦", meaning happy → Isn't it pleasant?

5 👆 Front: 知 (zhì)

6 👇 Back: Interchangeable with "智", meaning wise → Who says you are so wise?`

💬 Key Sentence Translations[#](#-

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